Directed to Parties and interested organizations Parties and interested organizations are encouraged to conduct or promote research concerning the captive breeding and sustainable use of freshwater stingrays (family Potamotrygonidae) at the global level, including the species involved, the numbers produced, the source of parental stock, and the international trade dynamics and market developments, and the collaboration between Parties with ex situ breeding operations for freshwater stingrays and those with in situ conservation programs.