These case-studies highlight how decision-making by consensus is not always straightforward, with written examples from the UNFCCC and United Nations Conference on Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), and a video example from the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC-2) on plastic pollution.
MEAs:
Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques
Voting, Working group, Biosafety Protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity, Subsidiary body, Point of order, Amendment, Amendment, Consensus, Negotiating blocs, Secret ballot, Formal objection, Information document, Subsidiary Body for Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice, Financial rules, Compliance Committee, Non-governmental organizations, Small Island Developing States, Subsidiary Body for Implementation
Adopted at CCAMLR-I (para 23), amended CCAMLR-XIII (ANX.4, App. 1), CCAMLR- XVII (ANX.4, App. III), CCAMLR-XVIII (para 3.5; ANX.4, para 38), CCAMLR-XXI (ANX.4, para 23), CCAMLR-XXX (ANX.5, para 22), CCAMLR-XXXI (ANX.7, para 4.15), CCAMLR-XXXVII (ANX.7, paras 20-26).
MEAs:
Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
Sujets:
Eaux marines et eau douce,
Diversité biologique
Mots-clés:
Financial rules, Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
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Case studies
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2012
Points of Order
Video examples of Saudi Arabia, the Russian Federation and Colombia raising points of order in 2023 and 2025 and written example of the Russian Federation raising a point of order in 2012.
MEAs:
Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques
Sujets:
gouvernance environnementale,
Climat et atmosphère
Mots-clés:
Point of order, Voting, Consensus, Formal objection