Official name:
Australia
Region:
General Information
| Region | Oceania | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 25 788a,b | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 3.4a,b | |
| Capital city | Canberra | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 452.5e,d | |
| UN membership date | 01-Nov-45 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 7 692 024c,d | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 99.2a,b | |
| National currency | Australian Dollar (AUD) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 1.3f |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 1 299 463 | 1 247 634 | 1 380 208d |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 2.5 | 2.8 | -0.3d |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 58 654.1 | 52 131.4 | 54 763.2d |
| Economy: Agricultureg (% of Gross Value Added) | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2d |
| Economy: Industryh,i (% of Gross Value Added) | 28.3 | 24 | 27.4d |
| Economy: Services and other activityj (% of GVA) | 69.3 | 73.4 | 70.5d |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 3.2 | 2.6 | 2.5k,f |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 21 | 19.4 | 19.8k,f |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 75.8 | 78 | 77.7k,f |
| Unemploymentk (% of labour force) | 5.2 | 6 | 5.3f |
| Labour force participation ratek (female/male pop. %) | 58.8 / 72.5 | 59.2 / 71.2 | 60.2 / 70.6f |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexl,n (2010=100) | 100m | 112 | 121f |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 85 | 100 | 89d |
| International trade: exportso (million current US$) | 212 109 | 187 792 | 245 046f |
| International trade: importso (million current US$) | 201 703 | 200 114 | 211 973f |
| International trade: balanceo (million current US$) | 10 405 | - 12 322 | 33 073f |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 44 714 | - 56 959 | 33 829f |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth rateb,p (average annual %) | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.3f |
| Urban populationb (% of total population) | 85.2 | 85.7 | 86.1d |
| Urban population growth rateb,p (average annual %) | 1.9 | 1.6 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalb,p (live births per woman) | 2 | 1.9 | 1.8f |
| Life expectancy at birthb,p (females/males, years) | 83.8 / 79.2 | 84.4 / 80.3 | 85.2 / 81.2f |
| Population age distributionb (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 19.0 / 18.8 | 18.9 / 20.2 | 19.3 / 22.1a |
| International migrant stockb (000/% of total pop.) | 5 883.0 / 26.6 | 6 729.7 / 28.1 | 7 685.9 / 30.1f |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 25.6q | 58.4 | 137.4f |
| Infant mortality rateb,p (per 1 000 live births) | 4.4 | 3.6 | 3.1f |
| Health: Current expenditurer (% of GDP) | 8.4 | 9.3 | 9.3s |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.8s |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.6 | 5.3 | 5.1t |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 105.5 / 105.7 | 101.6 / 101.6 | 100.1 / 100.2s |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | ... / ... | 145.9 / 167.9 | 128.6 / 136.7s |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | ... / ... | 202.7 / 239.8 | 174.8 / 181.2s |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 1 | 1 | 0.9s |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 27.3 | 26.7 | 31.1u |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 76k | 84.6v,w | 86.5v,w,t |
| Research & Development expenditurek (% of GDP) | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.9t |
| Threatened speciesx (number) | 853 | 909 | 1 773 |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 16.9 | 17.3 | 17.4s |
| CO2 emission estimatesx (million tons/tons per capita) | 383.4 / 17.4 | 372.4 / 15.6 | 388.7 / 15.3d |
| Energy production, primaryx (Petajoules) | 13 646 | 16 033 | 17 231s |
| Energy supply per capitax (Gigajoules) | 244 | 223 | 217s |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersy (000) | 5 790 | 7 449 | 9 246s |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 45.9 | 52.2 | 56.6f |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 98.7 / ... | 99.0 / ... | 99.0 / ...f |
| Net Official Development Assist. disbursedz (% of GNI) | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.23t |