Official name:
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Region:
General Information
| Region | Southern Europe | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 3 264a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 64a | |
| Capital city | Sarajevo | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 342.7c,b | |
| UN membership date | 22-May-92 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 51 209b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 95.9a | |
| National currency | Convertible Mark (BAM) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 1.6d |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 17 176 | 16 212 | 20 164b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 0.9 | 3.1 | 2.7b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 4 635.4 | 4 727.3 | 6 108.6b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 8 | 7.3 | 6.7b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 26.5 | 26.6 | 28.5b |
| Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA) | 65.5 | 66.1 | 64.9b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 19.7 | 17.5i | 15.1i,d |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 30.9 | 30.6i | 32.3i,d |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 49.4 | 51.9i | 52.6i,d |
| Unemploymenti (% of labour force) | 27.3 | 27.7 | 18.4d |
| Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %) | 34.3 / 58.2 | 36.2 / 58.2 | 35.2 / 57.7d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 100 | 104 | 104d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 100 | 99 | 105b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 4 803 | 5 099 | 6 149d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 9 223 | 8 994 | 9 867d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 4 420 | - 3 895 | - 3 719d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 1 031 | -826 | -635d |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratej (average annual %) | -0.3 | -1.5 | -0.9d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 45.6 | 47.2 | 48.6b |
| Urban population growth ratej (average annual %) | 0.4 | -0.3 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalj (live births per woman) | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3d |
| Life expectancy at birthj (females/males, years) | 78.1 / 72.9 | 78.9 / 74.0 | 79.6 / 74.6d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 15.7 / 19.3 | 15.2 / 21.5 | 14.3 / 26.0a |
| International migrant stocki,k (000/% of total pop.) | 38.9 / 1.1 | 38.6 / 1.1 | 36.0 / 1.1d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 179l | 143.9 | 156.2d |
| Infant mortality ratej (per 1 000 live births) | 9 | 6.9 | 6d |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 9 | 9.3 | 8.9m |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 1.8 | 2.2 | ... |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | ... / ... | ... / ... | 84.0 / 80.6b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.2m |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 19 | 21.4 | 26.2n |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 42.8i | 52.6i | 69.9b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | ~0.0o,p | 0.2 | 0.2m |
| Threatened species (number) | 67 | 85 | 107 |
| Forested areai (% of land area) | 41.1 | 42.2 | 42.7m |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 20.5 / 5.5 | 19.3 / 5.6 | 22.2 / 6.7m |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 182 | 173 | 238m |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 73 | 73 | 94m |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 365 | 678 | 1 053m |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 28.9 | 29 | 29d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 7.0 / ... | 19.4 / ... | 29.8 / ...d |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 2.93 | 2.18 | 2.29b |