Official name:
Hellenic Republic
Region:
General Information
| Region | Southern Europe | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 10 371a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 80.5a | |
| Capital city | Athens | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 3 154.2c,b | |
| UN membership date | 25-Oct-45 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 131 957b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 96.4a | |
| National currency | Euro (EUR) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 0.8d |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 296 835 | 195 318 | 205 327b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | -5.5 | -0.4 | 1.9b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 27 263.5 | 18 322.9 | 19 604.5b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 3.4 | 4.4 | 4.4b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 16.9 | 16.4 | 14.9b |
| Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA) | 79.7 | 79.2 | 80.8b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 12.4 | 12.9 | 11.7i,d |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 19.6 | 14.9 | 15.2i,d |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 68 | 72.2 | 73.1i,d |
| Unemploymenti (% of labour force) | 12.7 | 24.9 | 15.5d |
| Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %) | 44.1 / 63.2 | 44.8 / 59.9 | 43.9 / 59.3d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100) | 100 | 101 | 101d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 102 | 104 | 74b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 27 586 | 28 289 | 35 070d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 66 453 | 47 264 | 55 534d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 38 867 | - 18 975 | - 20 463d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 30 263 | - 1 611 | - 12 618d |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratek (average annual %) | -0.6 | -0.4 | -0.4d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 76.3 | 78 | 79.4b |
| Urban population growth ratek (average annual %) | 0.7 | 0.1 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalk (live births per woman) | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3d |
| Life expectancy at birthk (females/males, years) | 82.8 / 77.3 | 83.7 / 78.5 | 84.5 / 79.5d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 15.1 / 24.8 | 14.6 / 26.5 | 13.4 / 29.2a |
| International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 1 321.1 / 12.1 | 1 242.9 / 11.7 | 1 340.5 / 12.9d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 57.4l | 37.6 | 177.5d |
| Infant mortality ratek (per 1 000 live births) | 3.5 | 3.3 | 2.8d |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 9.5 | 8m | 7.7n |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 5.9 | 6 | 6.2n |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 4o | ... | ... |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 97.4 / 99.6 | 99.1 / 100.0 | 99.5 / 99.2n |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 104.4 / 108.1 | 98.4 / 105.8 | 102.1 / 107.6n |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 106.2 / 107.6 | 99.4 / 109.1 | 105.0 / 111.6n |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 1.6 | 0.9 | 0.9n |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 17.3 | 23 | 21.7p |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 44.4q | 66.8 | 75.7b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.6i | 1 | 1.2r,n |
| Threatened species (number) | 156 | 291 | 527 |
| Forested areai (% of land area) | 30.3 | 30.3 | 30.3n |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 83.4 / 7.5 | 64.5 / 6.0 | 56.8 / 5.3b |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 395 | 354 | 301n |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 106 | 91 | 89n |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borderss (000) | 15 007 | 23 599 | 31 348b |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 86 | 86 | 86d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 90.7 / ... | 94.0 / ... | 97.3 / ...d |
| Net Official Development Assist. disbursedt (% of GNI) | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.16u |