Official name:
Republic of Italy
Region:
General Information
| Region | Southern Europe | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 60 368a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 205.2a | |
| Capital city | Rome | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 4 234.0c,b | |
| UN membership date | 14-Dec-55 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 302 069b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 95a | |
| National currency | Euro (EUR) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 0.8d |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 2 134 018 | 1 835 899 | 2 003 576b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 1.7 | 0.8 | 0.3b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 35 971.5 | 30 306.1 | 33 089.6b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 2 | 2.3 | 2.1b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 24.3 | 23.2 | 23.9b |
| Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA) | 73.7 | 74.5 | 74b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.6i,d |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 28.6 | 26.6 | 25.6i,d |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 67.6 | 69.6 | 70.8i,d |
| Unemploymenti (% of labour force) | 8.4 | 11.9 | 9.8d |
| Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %) | 37.9 / 59.0 | 39.5 / 58.7 | 40.7 / 58.7d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 100 | 107 | 110j,d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 109 | 103 | 98b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 446 840 | 456 989 | 495 977d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 486 984 | 410 933 | 422 648d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 40 145 | 46 055 | 73 329d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 70 819 | 25 379 | 69 735d |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratek (average annual %) | 0.4 | 0.4 | -~0.0d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 68.3 | 69.6 | 70.7b |
| Urban population growth ratek (average annual %) | 0.5 | 0.3 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalk (live births per woman) | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3d |
| Life expectancy at birthk (females/males, years) | 84.1 / 78.8 | 84.7 / 79.9 | 85.4 / 81.0d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 14.1 / 26.7 | 13.7 / 28.0 | 12.8 / 30.3a |
| International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 5 787.9 / 9.8 | 5 805.3 / 9.6 | 6 387.0 / 10.6d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 61.3l | 142.6 | 284.3d |
| Infant mortality ratek (per 1 000 live births) | 3.4 | 3 | 2.6d |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.7m |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 7.6 | 7.7 | 8b |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4n |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 102.5 / 103.5 | 100.2 / 100.6 | 99.5 / 102.9m |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 102.4 / 103.4 | 102.1 / 102.4 | 100.6 / 102.0m |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 99.9 / 99.9 | 100.9 / 100.2 | 100.1 / 100.2m |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.6m |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 21.3 | 31 | 35.7o |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 53.7p | 58.1 | 74.4m |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4q,m |
| Threatened species (number) | 174 | 279 | 495 |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 30.7i | 31.6i | 31.8m |
| CO2 emission estimatesr (million tons/tons per capita) | 392.0 / 6.6 | 329.7 / 5.4 | 302.8 / 5.0b |
| Energy production, primarys (Petajoules) | 1 378 | 1 509 | 1 452m |
| Energy supply per capitas (Gigajoules) | 123 | 105 | 104m |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borderst (000) | 43 626 | 50 732 | 64 513b |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 72 | 72.9 | 75.7d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 96.4 / 94.3 | 96.4 / 94.3 | 96.4 / 94.3d |
| Net Official Development Assist. disbursedu (% of GNI) | 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.3n |