Official name:
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Region:
General Information
| Region | Western Europe | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 635a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 245.1a | |
| Capital city | Luxembourg | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 119.8c | |
| UN membership date | 24-Oct-45 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 2 586b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 102.4a | |
| National currency | Euro (EUR) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 0.8d |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 53 212 | 57 744 | 71 105b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 4.9 | 4.3 | 2.3b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 104 771.9 | 101 888.6 | 115 480.9b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 12.7 | 12.2 | 12.5b |
| Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA) | 87 | 87.5 | 87.3b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 1.1 | 1 | 1i,d |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 13.3 | 12.5 | 11.5i,d |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 85.6 | 86.4 | 87.5i,d |
| Unemploymenti (% of labour force) | 4.4 | 6.7 | 5.2d |
| Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %) | 48.8 / 65.4 | 53.6 / 65.2 | 55.1 / 63.7d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100) | 100 | 109 | 116d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 91 | 102 | 111b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 13 911 | 12 626 | 13 442d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 20 400 | 19 296 | 20 610d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 6 489 | - 6 671 | - 7 167d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | 3 268 | 2 949 | 2 999d |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratek (average annual %) | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 88.5 | 90.2 | 91.2b |
| Urban population growth ratek (average annual %) | 2.5 | 2.6 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalk (live births per woman) | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4d |
| Life expectancy at birthk (females/males, years) | 82.2 / 76.7 | 83.4 / 78.8 | 84.2 / 79.8d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 17.6 / 19.0 | 16.4 / 19.1 | 15.6 / 20.3a |
| International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 163.1 / 32.1 | 248.9 / 43.9 | 298.1 / 47.6d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 4.1l | 2.1 | 4.5d |
| Infant mortality ratek (per 1 000 live births) | 2.3 | 3.4 | 2.9d |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 7 | 5.3 | 5.3c |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 2.8 | 2.9 | 3m |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | ... | 3.9 | 3.6m |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 98.1 / 97.1 | 98.9 / 99.0 | 102.0 / 104.5c |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 102.8 / 99.8 | 104.2 / 100.5 | 105.4 / 103.3c |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 92.3 / 88.5 | 97.3 / 92.0 | 99.0 / 92.2c |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 2 | 0.9 | 0.3m |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 20 | 28.3 | 31.7n |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 90.6o | 96.4 | 97.1c |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2p,c |
| Threatened species (number) | 5 | 9 | 17 |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 36.5 | 36.5 | 36.5c |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 10.7 / 21.0 | 8.8 / 15.5 | 9.2 / 14.8b |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 5 | 6 | 9c |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 351 | 278 | 273c |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersq,r (000) | 805 | 1 090 | 1 018c |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 77.4 | 77.9 | 82.4d |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 99.7 / 100.0 | 99.7 / 98.0 | 99.7 / 96.5d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 93.3 / 85.7 | 96.4 / 88.4 | 97.5 / 89.3d |
| Net Official Development Assist. disburseds (% of GNI) | 1.05 | 0.95 | 1m |