Official name:
Union of Myanmar
Region:
General Information
| Region | South-eastern Asia | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 54 806a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 83.9a | |
| Capital city | Nay Pyi Taw | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 546.5b | |
| UN membership date | 19-Apr-48 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 676 577b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 93a | |
| National currency | Kyat (MMK) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 1 329.1c |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 44 847 | 63 835 | 76 785b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 7.8 | 6.4 | 2.9b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 886.3 | 1 211.7 | 1 420.7b |
| Economy: Agricultured (% of Gross Value Added) | 35.3 | 26.7 | 23.1b |
| Economy: Industryd (% of Gross Value Added) | 28.3 | 33.9 | 36.7b |
| Economy: Services and other activityd (% of GVA) | 36.5 | 39.4 | 40.2b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 53.5e | 51.7 | 48.1e,c |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 17.7e | 16.8 | 16.3e,c |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 28.8e | 31.5 | 35.6e,c |
| Unemploymente (% of labour force) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.7c |
| Labour force participation ratee (female/male pop. %) | 53.6 / 82.3 | 51.9 / 80.7 | 47.3 / 77.2c |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 100 | 129 | 168b |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 95 | 101 | 108b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 8 873 | 11 432 | 16 929c |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 4 866 | 16 913 | 17 964c |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | 4 008 | - 5 481 | - 1 035c |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | 1 574 | - 3 109 | 68b |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratef (average annual %) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.6c |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 28.9 | 29.9 | 30.9b |
| Urban population growth ratef (average annual %) | 1.3 | 1.5 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalf (live births per woman) | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.2c |
| Life expectancy at birthf (females/males, years) | 65.8 / 59.1 | 68.0 / 61.3 | 69.8 / 63.7c |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 30.0 / 7.3 | 27.8 / 8.5 | 25.1 / 10.3a |
| International migrant stockg (000/% of total pop.) | 76.4 / 0.2 | 73.3 / 0.1 | 76.4 / 0.1c |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 859.4h | 1 466.5 | 800.4c |
| Infant mortality ratef (per 1 000 live births) | 52 | 43.7 | 38.4c |
| Health: Current expenditurei,j,k (% of GDP) | 1.9 | 5.5 | 4.8l |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 0.5 | 0.6m | 0.7b |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | ... | 0.8n | 1.9b |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 97.6 / 98.6 | 100.3 / 103.3o | 109.7 / 114.8l |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 49.2 / 47.1 | 52.3 / 51.3o | 71.3 / 65.6l |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 36.7 / 33.2 | 36.1 / 32.4o | 59.2 / 49.7l |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.3p |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | ... | 6.2 | 15.3q,r |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 0.2 | 21.7e | 23.6s |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | ... | ... | ~0.0t,u,v,w,s |
| Threatened species (number) | 249 | 301 | 408 |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 48.1 | 45.9e | 44.6e,l |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 7.9 / 0.2 | 18.7 / 0.4 | 31.5 / 0.6l |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 969 | 1 176 | 1 215l |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 13 | 16 | 18l |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 792 | 4 681 | 4 364b |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 21.9 | 24.2 | 25.1c |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 68.5 / 33.6 | 71.5 / 42.7 | 73.8 / 52.1c |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 60.8 / 61.1 | 57.1 / 62.6 | 53.4 / 64.0c |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 0.72 | 1.78 | 2.79b |