Official name:
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
Region:
General Information
| Region | Southern Asia | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 29 675a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 207a | |
| Capital city | Kathmandu | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 1 376.1c,b | |
| UN membership date | 14-Dec-55 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 147 181b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 85.5a | |
| National currency | Nepalese Rupee (NPR) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 117.8d |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 16 281 | 20 801 | 30 715b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 4.8 | 3.3 | 7b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 602.7 | 770 | 1 073.6b |
| Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added) | 35.4 | 31.7 | 27.5b |
| Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added) | 15.1 | 14.8 | 15.1b |
| Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA) | 49.5 | 53.4 | 57.4b |
| Employment in agriculturee (% of employed) | 70.2 | 67.3 | 64.5d |
| Employment in industrye (% of employed) | 13.3 | 14.3 | 15.3d |
| Employment in servicese (% employed) | 16.5 | 18.5 | 20.2d |
| Unemploymente (% of labour force) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5d |
| Labour force participation ratee (female/male pop. %) | 79.5 / 87.4 | 81.5 / 85.3 | 82.9 / 85.2d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexf (2010=100) | ... | 104 | 135d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 83 | 99 | 113b |
| International trade: exportsg (million current US$) | 874 | 660 | 849e,d |
| International trade: importsg (million current US$) | 5 116 | 6 612 | 9 684e,d |
| International trade: balanceg (million current US$) | - 4 242 | - 5 952 | - 8 835e,d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | -128 | 2 447 | -65d |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth rateh (average annual %) | 1 | ~0.0 | 1.5d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 16.8 | 18.6 | 20.2b |
| Urban population growth rateh (average annual %) | 3.1 | 3.2 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalh (live births per woman) | 2.8 | 2.3 | 1.9d |
| Life expectancy at birthh (females/males, years) | 67.8 / 65.2 | 70.0 / 67.3 | 71.7 / 68.8d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 36.3 / 7.5 | 33.4 / 8.3 | 28.1 / 8.8a |
| International migrant stocki (000/% of total pop.) | 581.9 / 2.2 | 509.5 / 1.9 | 487.6 / 1.7d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 891.3j | 36.8 | 20.1d |
| Infant mortality rateh (per 1 000 live births) | 42.6 | 33.8 | 27.9d |
| Health: Current expenditurek (% of GDP) | 5 | 6.2 | 5.8l |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | ... | 0.6m | 0.8b |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.6 | 3.7 | 5.1l |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 149.9 / 139.3 | 148.6 / 139.9 | 143.5 / 140.8b |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 56.9 / 58.3e | 69.4 / 66.3e | 83.0 / 77.4b |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 41.5 / 43.9e | 49.6 / 48.7e | 66.7 / 59.3b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 3 | 2.1n | 2.3o |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 33.2 | 29.5 | 32.7p |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 7.9j | 17.6e | 21.4e,q |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.3r,s | ... | ... |
| Threatened species (number) | 93 | 105 | 121 |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 41.6 | 41.6 | 41.6l |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 4.1 / 0.2 | 5.7 / 0.2 | 11.2 / 0.4l |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 384 | 424 | 446l |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 16 | 18 | 21l |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borderst (000) | 603 | 539 | 1 197b |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 50.7 | 50.7 | 50.7d |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 37.9 / 27.5 | 32.9 / 23.6 | 24.7 / 15.7d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 28.3 / 26.6 | 35.0 / 37.3 | 42.5 / 50.2d |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 4.76 | 5.63 | 4.3b |