Official name:
Kingdom of Tonga
Область:
General Information
| Region | Polynesia | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 107a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 148.3a | |
| Capital city | Nuku'alofa | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 22.9c | |
| UN membership date | 14-Sep-99 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 747b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 100.2a | |
| National currency | Pa'anga (TOP) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 2.3d |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 371 | 403 | 508b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.7b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 3 570.2 | 4 001.2 | 4 865.5b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 18.7 | 19.7 | 23.4b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 20.5 | 18.1 | 18b |
| Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA) | 60.9 | 62.3 | 58.6b |
| Employment in agriculturei (% of employed) | 27.9 | 26.3 | 23.7d |
| Employment in industryi (% of employed) | 29.7 | 28.9 | 29.2d |
| Employment in servicesi (% employed) | 42.3 | 44.8 | 47.1d |
| Unemploymenti (% of labour force) | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2d |
| Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %) | 45.4 / 75.2 | 45.8 / 74.8 | 45.8 / 74.3d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexi (2010=100) | 100 | 110 | 113j |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 141 | 102 | 91b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 8 | 15i | 14i,d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 159 | 208i | 350i,d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | -151 | -193i | -336i,d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | -87 | -44 | -19d |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratek (average annual %) | 0.6 | -0.6 | 1d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 23.4 | 23.3 | 23.1b |
| Urban population growth ratek (average annual %) | 0.8 | 0.3 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalk (live births per woman) | 4 | 3.8 | 3.6d |
| Life expectancy at birthk (females/males, years) | 71.8 / 67.9 | 72.2 / 68.4 | 72.7 / 68.8d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 37.4 / 7.9 | 36.4 / 8.7 | 34.4 / 8.8a |
| International migrant stockl (000/% of total pop.) | 4.6 / 4.4 | 4.0 / 3.9 | 3.7 / 3.5d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | ~0.0m | ... | ~0.0d |
| Infant mortality ratek (per 1 000 live births) | 14.4 | 14.7 | 12.5d |
| Health: Current expendituren (% of GDP) | 4.7 | 4.6 | 5.1c |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 0.6 | 0.5o | ... |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 107.3 / 109.4 | 116.0 / 116.7 | ... / ... |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 107.2 / 100.4 | 102.4 / 99.4 | ... / ... |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 93.4 / 84.8p | 76.9 / 64.5 | ... / ... |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 1 | 1q | ... |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 3.1 | 0 | 7.4r |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Interneti (per 100 inhabitants) | 16 | 38.7 | 41.2s |
| Threatened species (number) | 58 | 74 | 100 |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 12.4 | 12.4i | 12.4i,c |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 0 | 0 | 0c |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 16 | 17 | 19c |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borderst (000) | 47 | 54 | 54c |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 26.1 | 26.1 | 26.1d |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 50.2 / 23.1 | 50.5 / 23.1 | 50.8 / 23.1d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 28.9 / 38.7 | 26.0 / 38.1 | 23.2 / 37.0d |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 17.41 | 15.54 | 21.32c |